Car-heater



(No Mqdl.) a Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. J. FITZGERALD & D. P. BARRY.

OAR HEATER.

Nb. 499,017. Patented June 6, 1893.

PC; big jli awotnu b (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. J. FITZGERALD 8: D. P. BARRY. GAR HEATER.

No. 499,017. Patented June 6, 1895.

wi/lmeowa I h v 3 .Peter Jf m A 66 99 {4% M fi flaw 1 3m UNITE STATESPATENT OFFICE.

PETER J. FITZGERALD, OF HYDE PARK, AND DAVID F. BARRY, OF BOSTON,

MASSACHUSETTS.

CAR-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,017, dated June 6,1893.

Application filed March 2, 1 893.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, PETER J. FITZGERALD, of Hyde Park, in the county ofNorfolk, and DAVID F. BARRY, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, Stateof Massachusetts, citizens of the United States, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Oar-Heaters; and we do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

Our invention relates to heaters designed especially for use inconnection with cars for street railways, and has forits object theproduction of a heater, and its accessories, of comparatively simple andcheap construction, by which any desired degree of heat may begenerated, and which is designed to be placed in ordinary street railwaycars, during the building of same, or after completion, withoutmodifying the construction of any of the parts.

Our invention consists in the means hereinat'ter described whereby acommon source of heat is utilized to raise the temperature of the airfor heating purposes and to generate steam from a body of water, andwhereby the combined heat of the heated air and from the steam ismingled and discharged through outlets common to both into the interiorof the car.

It further consists in means for regulating the supply of air to beheated; in the peculiar arrangement of the air and steam conveying pipesand in other details of construction all of which will fully and clearlyappear from a reading of the following description taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings which form a part thereof, and in which-Figure 1, illustrates in perspective view a car for street railways, aportion of the side thereof being broken away to show portions of ourheater in position. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the cara portion of the seat being removed to show the heater proper and theradiators for discharging hot air. Fig. 3 is a vertical centrallongitudinal section of the heater and its accessories including the oilsupply devices, before the same have been placed in the car; Fig. 4 adetail Serial No. 464,401. (No model.)

of a portion of the casing showing different positions in full anddotted lines of the means for regulating the admission of air to theheater; and Fig. 5 is a detail, taken on line a;m of Fig. 1, of themeans for discharging when desired the hot air outside of the car.

Like letters and figures of reference denote corresponding parts in theseveral figures of the drawings.

The reference letter Adenotes the car, which as shown, is of the commontype for street railways, and to which the heater is adapted to beapplied.

We propose to place the several parts of the heater under one of theseats B, although if desired the parts may be duplicated and placedunder both seats.

In or on the roof of the car is arranged a tank or receptacle 0 forholding hydro-carbon oil or other liquid for supplying the burnerpresently to be described. This tank is formed preferably of a metallictube closed at both ends and provided .with an opening 0 for filling thetank, the same being closed by a cap or cover a.

d is the supply pipe which opens into the bottom of the tank and leadsto the burner.

At the point of connection of the tank and supply pipe, the latter isflared outwardly to form a conical seat for the inner end of a screwplug valve d which is raised and lowered by turning the thumb screw (1thereon for regulating the supply of oil to the burner. The pipe disalso provided with another valve d which is located in said pipe nearthe top of the car and readily accessible to a person inside, and bythis means the supply of oil may be instantly regulated even when thecar is in motion.

Midway of the length of the car is a casing 6 within which is arrangedthe burner and from which are led the pipes for supplying the heated airand steam. This casing and the pipes are as before stated placed beneaththe seat, andare entirely within the car and consequently all of theheat generated by radiation is communicated to the interior, and not tothe outer atmosphere as would be the case where the heater is placedbeneath or at any other point outside of the car.

Access to the interior of the casing is permitted through a suitabledoor in the seat, and through a door 6 in the front of the easing, whichis provided with a lockinglatch 6 In the upper end of the casing is apartitionfwhich separates the easing into two compartments ff the upperone f, constituting a water chamber which may be filled through theopening f from an overhead tank located in the top of the car, or fromthe side of the car, or from any other place desired. The partition iscentrally raised or arched to provide a concave heating surface for theburner which latter is located in the chamber f immediately below saidpartition. Extending downward from this partition is an annulardeflecting plate 9 which terminates at a point a little above the bottomof the casing and forms a reverberatory chamber and serves to confinethe air to be heated to the burner before the same passes to the pointsof discharge.

At each side of the casing and communicating with the interior of thechamber f are hot air pipes or flues 7L which convey the heated air tothe registers t' which latter are located at each end of the car and maybe provided with any suitable means for regulating the discharge of hotair therefrom. These pipes h are preferably offset at h to increase thedraft of hot air, and for another purpose presently to be explained. Airis admitted to the heater from the under side of the car through asection of pipe j which is connected to the bottom of the casing and isled through the floor of the car. The inflow of air is regulated by aperforated cap j which is conically shaped and fits within the pipe jthe sides being formed with slots or incisions j to give the same ayielding pressure against the wall of the pipe to retain it in thedesired position. Air is admitted through perforationsj and is deflecteddownward before its ascension to the burner by the flanged top 7' theobject being to divide the air to be heated. The admission of the air isregulated by raising and lowering the cap to present more or less of theperforations above the bottom of the casing to increase or diminish theinflow of the air. On the under side of the top 7' are lugs orshouldersj which by contaotwith the bottom of the casing prevent the capfrom being lowered sufficiently to prevent any inflow of air, and thusthe pipe j is at all times opened and an ingress of air continuallyestablished.

We provide ready means for discharging the heated air outside of the carin the event of the inner temperature thereof becoming too high, asfollows: The numeral 1 represents a pipe which is let into the hot airpipe and is carried to any point outside of the car, preferably abovethe line of the hot air pipe, where it terminates in a grating 2. Withinthis pipe is a damper 3 preferably of the rocking type which is arrangedon a lever 4 the upper end extending above the pipe and fulcrumed 011 alug 5. The upper end of the lever is concommunicate with the waterchamber and serve to convey the steam generated from the heated water.Connected to these sections is by suitable couplings k are the radiatingpipes Z, Z, which are let into the air pipes at each side of the casingat the offsets hin the latter pipes. Return pipes Z Z connect the pipesZ and are preferably led into the Water chamber below the water levelthereof. The sections is and pipes Z Z carry the steam generated by thebody of water within the chamberf' and furnish heat by radiation; whichadded to the heated air generated by the burner is discharged throughthe radiators at each end of the car as before stated. In this manner asingle burner performs the double function of heating both the air inthe lower chamber and the water in the upper chamber, and these sourcesof heat being combined and discharged through common channels the resultis a heat sufficiently intense to raise the temperature in a car to thedesired extent even under the most unfavorable conditions of cold.

In operation, the tank and water chamber are supplied with suffioientquantities of oil and water for a predetermined number of trips. Theburner is then ignited and the air flowing into the casing is quicklyheated to a very high degree of temperature. The hot air after beingconfined for a short period is carried downward and around thedefleeting plate and upward and through the hot air pipes to theregisters at each end .of the car. The heat of the burner also at thesame time raises the temperature of the water in the water chamber untilsteam is generated, which passes from said chamber through the pipeslocated within the hot air pipes, and the heat radiating from the steampipes minglingwith the hot air from'the burner passes out through theradiators as before stated.

By means of the devices hereinbefore described, the heat generated isunder the complete control of the operator. Both the supply of oil tothe burner and the air to be heated may be easily and quickly regulated;and the air when heated can be discharged in. any desired quantity bothinside and outside of the car at will.

As before stated our heater is applicable to any type of street railwaycar, and may also, if desired, be employed advantageously on steamrailway cars, steam boats and the like.

The several parts constituting our heater are comparatively simple inconstruction and may be cheaply made, and the cost incidental IIO tooperating the heater is confined to the hydrocarbon oil or other liquidconsumed.

We propose to employ in connection with the heater a hydrocarbon oil orsimilar burner in which the combustion is complete and consequently noperceptible odor is discharged within the car with the heated air, andwe are enabled to dispense with the usual means employed for carryingoft the products of combustion of the burners heretofore employed. If itshould be found that in starting the burner any odoris generated,theimpregnated air may, by the means hereinbefore described, bedischarged outside the car until the retort is heated to a sufficientdegree to cause a thorough vaporization of the oil and a completecombustion, after which the pure air is allowed to enter the car.

Having now described our invention and the manner in which the same isto be performed, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a heating apparatus, the combination, of a burner, a casingsurrounding said burner, having an inlet at its bottom, and means forregulating the inflowing current of air, a plate in the casingsurrounding the burner and forming a reverberatory chamber, and hot airpipes communicating with the interior of the casing for conveying anddischarging the heated air substantially as described.

2. In a car heater, the combination of a burner, a casin g surroundingsaid burner having an upper water chamber and a lower air chamber, aninlet for the air, a plate surrounding the burner forming areverberatory chamber, hot air pipes communicating with the interior ofthe air chamber, steam pipes communicating with the interior of thewater chamber and located within the hot air pipes, and outlets for theheated air, substantially as described.

3. In a car heater, the combination of a casing located within the car,a partition separating said casing into an air chamber, deflectingplates depending from said partition, a burner within the air chamber,an inlet for the air, pipes leading from the air chamber for conveyingand discharging the heated air, steam pipes leading from the Waterchamber into the hot air pipes, and outlets for the heated air,substantially as described.

4. In a car heater, the combination of a casin g located within the car,a burner within the casing, pipes for conveying and discharging theheated air, and an air inlet in the bottom of the casing communicatingwith the outer atmosphere, and a device for regulating the admission ofthe air consisting of a perforated cap fitting within said inlet andadapted to be raised and lowered to present more or less number ofperforations above the bottom of the casing, substantially as described.

5. In a car heater, a device for regulating the supply of air to theburner, consisting of a cap movable in the inlet pipe, having thedescribed slots and perforations in the sides thereof, an imperforateflange top, and lugs depending from the flange, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

6. In a car heater, and in combination with a hot air conveying pipe, aregister for discharging the hot air within the car, a pipe leading fromthe hot air pipe to a point outside the car, a rocking damper in saidpipe, a lever on the damper and a rod connecting said lever and adaptedto be operated inside of the car, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

In testimony whereof we aftix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

PETER J. FITZGERALD. DAVID F. BARRY. Witnesses:

LOUIS A. D. EWING, JAMES K. FAGIN.

